3．派生法：由词根（stems）加前缀（prefixes）和后缀（suffixes）构成新词。

①前缀
a-（形容词；副词）：asleep，arise, awake, abroad（在国外），alone（独自）
co-（共同）：co-exist, co-operate
over-（过于）：overdo, oversimplify
anti-（反，防）：anti-tank, anti-clockwise
re-（重复；再）：return, redesign, reunite, remarry（再婚）
super-（超级，上层）：superstar, superman, supermarket
sub-（下面的）：subway, subconscious
tele-（远程）：telephone, telegraph, telescope（望远镜）
bi-（双）：bicycle, bimonthly, bilingual
mis-（误）：mistake, misunderstand（误会）
inter-（相互；之间）：international, interrelation
en-（使可能）：encourage, enable（使成为可能）
dis-（否定）：disappear, disagree, discourage, disappoint, dishonest,
in-/il-/im-/ir-（不;非）：invisible（看不见的），illogical, illegal（非法的）, impolite, impossible, irregular, irresponsible
un-/non-（不；非）：unfit, unfair, unknown, non-conductor（非导体）
②名词后缀
-er（……者）：foreigner, thinker, swimmer, traveller
-ese（……地方的人）：chinese, portuguese, japanese
-ian（精通……的人；……地方的人）：musician, magician, physician, technician, russian
-ist（专业人员）：artist, specialist, pianist, physicist
-ment（性质；状态）：government, movement, argument, engagement, development
-ion：expansion, discussion, decision
-dom：freedom, kingdom
-ance/ence：acceptance, allowance, dependence, confidence
-ee：employee, interviewee, trainee
-ness（性质；状态）：business, happiness, greatness, illness, darkness
-or（器具；……者）：cooker, tractor, actor, visitor, professor
-ship：friendship, leadership, hardship, scholarship
-tion（动作；过程；结果）：pollution, suggestion, invention
③形容词后缀
-al：practical, continual, educational, national
-an：american, european, canadian, italian, australian
-ern：southern, northern, eastern
-ful：helpful, cheerful, grateful, useful, careful
-ary：revolutionary, secondary, imaginary
-ble：reasonable, horrible, comfortable, acceptable, terrible
-ish：foolish, childish, swedish, british, english
-ive：active, native, decisive, destructive, expensive
-y：rainy, dirty, sleepy, healthy
-less：careless, homeless, motherless, useless
-ant：important, significant, ignorant
-ous：serious, courageous, famous, continuous
-some：troublesome, tiresome, handsome, lonesome
④动词、副词和数词后缀
-fy（使……化）：simplify，beautify, amplify, satisfy, electrify
-en（使……变得）：strengthen, lengthen, widen
-ize（使……成为）：realize (实现)，modernize, apologize, organize
-ly（方式；程度）：freely, badly, terribly, perfectly, truly, angrily
-wise：clockwise, otherwise, likewise
-ward(s)（方向）：towards, backward, eastward, forward, outward
-teen（十）：fourteen, fifteen, eighteen
-ty（整十位数）：twenty, forty, thirty -th（序数词）：twelfth, ninth, twentieth

4. 截短法: 将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变的英语构词法称为截短法，主要有截头、去尾、截头去尾等形式。

① 截头 telephone→phone airplane→plane
② 去尾 mathematics→maths examination→exam kilogram→kilo laboratory→lab taxicab→taxi
③ 截头去尾 influenza→flu refrigerator→fridge prescription→script 

5. 混合法: 英语构词还可以将两个词混合或各取一部分紧缩而成一个新词，前半部分表属性，后半部分表主体。这样的英语构词法就是混合法。

news broadcast→newscast新闻广播 television broadcast→telecast电视播送 smoke and fog→smog烟雾 photo and graphy→photography摄影，摄影术 helicopter airport→heliport直升飞机场

6. 首字母缩略法

BBC(british broadcasting corporation)英国广播公司；DIY (do it yourself)自己亲自做
NATO (north atlantic treaty organization)北约；SOS (save our ship)国际通用的呼救信号
UN(the united nations)联合国；USA (the united states of America)美国
VIP(very important person)重要人物；WTO(world trade organization)世界贸易组织