三、分句性替代 

     用分句替代词so或not替代整个分句的现象叫做分句性替代。
例如：
Many people believe that there will be another world war before the end of the century. My father think so, but I believe not.
1．分句替代词so或not可替代that从句
so可用来替代肯定的that从句，not替代否定的that从句，它们常与I’m afraid, believe, expect, fear, guess, hope, suppose, think等词语搭配。
例如：
“Have we got enough money?” “I think so.”
“We’re not going to be in time.” “No, I suppose not.”
2. so与not可用来代替if后面的从句
例如：
Are you free this evening? If so, come and have a drink with us.
Are you busy this afternoon? If not, I wish you would stay with me for a while.
3．用it, this, that, such作为替代词
例如：
If you don’t work hard, you’ll regret it. (regret it = regret not working hard)
He was very tired. This explains why he went to bed early.
You’re trying to cut with the back of the knife; that’s a silly thing to do.
I may hurt your feelings, but such (= that) was certainly not my intention.

四、状语的替代

1．时间状语的替代形式主要用副词then
例如：
We saw John at eight on Monday evening. We told him then that we could be coming to the party.
2．地点状语的替代形式主要用副词here和there
例如：
Mary is in London and John is there too.
It和that有时也可以用作地点状语的替代形式，这种场合的it和that在句中作主语，并可同there交换使用，谓语动词是联系动词。
They sat right in front of the stage. That / it / There was where the noise was greatest.
3．方式状语的替代形式用in that way和like that
例如：
“She plays the piano with great concentration and with great energy.” “I’m afraid she doesn’t study like that.”