Unit 5 The power of nature
重点句型
1. I was fast asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking and I heard a strange sound, like a railway train passing my window.
我睡得正酣，正在这时我的床开始晃动，我听到一种奇怪的声音，就像一列火车正从我窗外驶过。
when引导了时间状语从句。在此状语从句中，and连接两个并列的句子。like a railway train passing my window为介词短语作定语，修饰sound，而a railway train passing my window为like的复合宾语。
“be+形容词/表示状态的介词短语+when ...”表示“正在做某事，就在这时……”。
联想拓展
be about to do sth. when ... 正要做某事，就在这时……
be doing+when ... 正在做某事，就在这时……(分句中的动作往往是短暂性的)
had just done when ... 刚做过某事，就在这时……
温馨提示
此时的when不可以与while互换,也不可以将when引导的从句置于句首。
I was fast asleep when suddenly there was a loud noise outside my room.
我睡得正香，就在这时房外传来巨大的噪音。
He was on a journey to Europe when he received her call.
他正在去欧洲的旅行中，就在这时他接到了她的电话。
We were on a flight to Tokyo when suddenly I remembered I had left my passport home.
我们正在去东京的飞机上，这时我突然想起我把护照忘在了家里。
单项填空
The boys were about to go out to play football _____ suddenly it began to rain.
When B. as C. while D. Then
解析：选A。考查“be about to do when ...”的句型。此结构的意思是 “正要做某事，就在这时……” 。其中when相当于and just then，不可以用while, as等替换。
2. The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.
另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。
句中的this being my first experience为独立主格结构。
独立主格结构（Absolute Structure）是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。需要特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
独立主格结构基本构成形式为：
名词(代词)+现在分词（过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/名词/介词短语）
Night enshrouding the earth, nobody could make out what the dark mass was from a distance.
黑夜笼罩大地，谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。
There being no bus, we had to walk home.
由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。
The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.
由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了。
He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.
他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。
单项填空
The robber was brought to the judge, _______ ．
A. with his hands were fast tied
B. his hands to be fast tied
C. his hands fast tied
D. his hand having been fast tied
解析：选C。独立主格结构是短语的形式作定语或状语。“his hands fast tied”是一个由“名词+过去分词”构成的独立结构，这种结构的名词后还可以接介词短语等，在句中通常作状语。再如：The teacher came into the classroom, books in hand。
3. Having taken the wrong bus, Martin found himself in an unfamiliar district.
由于乘错了车，马丁发现自己到了一个不熟悉的地区。
find oneself后跟doing、v.ed形式、形容词、介词短语、副词等，表示“在无意识中出现了某种情况”。
When she came to herself, she found herself covered with a blanket.
当她苏醒过来的时候，她发现自己身上盖着一条毯子。
When food was served, we suddenly found ourselves very hungry.当食物端上来的时候，我们突然觉得饿了。
When dawn came, we found ourselves walking on a country road.黄昏时分，我们发现自己走在一条乡间的路上。
Suddenly I found myself making the same mistake as I made yesterday.突然间，我发现自己又犯了昨天的错误。
单项填空
When the boy came to himself, he found himself _____ by his teacher and classmates, which made him quite moved.
A. Surrounding B. surround
C. Surrounded D. surrounds
解析：选C。考查find后动词的非谓语形式。himself与surround之间为被动关系，因此用过去分词。
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