7.定语从句中关系词的省略
①在定语从句中,关系代词that,which,whom充当宾语,而且前边无介词时,可省。
②当定语从句的先行词是time或way时,从句的关系词可省。如:
This is the first time I’ve been here.
8.状语从句的省略
①在时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中,如果谓语含有动词be,主语又与主句的主语一致或主语是it时,主谓均可省。如:
A.时间状语从句:
Please come here as soon as (it is) possible.
B.地点状语从句:
Fill in the blanks with articles where (it is) necessary.
C.条件状语从句:
She won’t come to the party unless (she is) invited.
D.方式状语从句:
1 wonder why he didn’t do as (he was) told to.
E.比较状语从句:
It is much colder today than (it was) yesterday.
F.让步状语从句:
Though (they were) tired, they went on working.
②状语从句省略主语时,后边用现在分词表示该动作与被省略的主语是主动关系,用过去分词表示两者之间是被动关系。如:
Be careful when (you are) crossing the street.
Once (he is) burnt, a child dare not touch the fire again.
9.not, so, neither, nor的“替代性”省略
①not与think,suppose,imagine,expect,believe等动词连用,代替否定的宾语从句,so代替肯定的宾语从句。如:
---Do you think she has got married?
---I expect so. (---I expect she has got married.)
---I expect not./I don’t expect so. (---I don’t expect she has got married.)
②“so+谓语+主语”是倒装句。表示前边肯定的情况适合于后者;“So+主语+谓语”是强调句,表示主语的确是这样。
③“neither/ nor+谓语+主语”是倒装句,表示前面否定的情况适合于后者。如:
He didn’t see the film. Nor did I.
If you don’t go there, neither shall I