【非谓语动词命题趋势】
根据对非谓语动词部分全国各省、市中考试题的分析可知,今后该部分仍将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为:
1. it作形式主语、宾语的用法
2. 感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词ing形式作宾语补足语的用法;
3. 动词不定式与疑问代词和疑问副词的连用
4. 一些特殊动词的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不带to,但变为被动语态时就要带to;
5. 有些动词既可接不定式也可接动词ing形式作宾语,但表达的意思不同。
【考点诠释】
一、考查非谓语动词用作主语
不定式或动名词用作主语,而分词不能担任句子中的主语。
【考例】
It's very nice ______ pictures for me. [天津]
A. of you to draw B. for you to draw C. for you drawing D. of you drawing
[答案]:A。[解析]考查It's+形容词+of/for sb. +to do sth.句中it为形式主语,to do是真正的主语,当形容词是表示品质意思时,应该用of sb.,其他形容词用for sb.,故此题答案为A。
二、考查非谓语动词用作宾语
【考例】
1. It's a bit cold Would you mind my ______all the windows?
一Do as you like,please.[淄博市]
A.close B will close C.closing D.to close
[答案]C。[解析]动词mind意为“介意”,后跟动词时,应使用ing形式。
2. Mary and I enjoy ______ badminton[黔岭东南州]
A.to play B playing C.played
[答案]B。[解析] enjoy后跟动词的ing形式作宾语,即:enjoy doing something,意为“喜欢(做)某事”。
3. --So hot in the classroom.Would you mind _______the windows?
——0K.I'll do it right now.[黄冈市]
A.not closing B. not opening
C. closing D.opening
[答案]D。[解析] mind是中考的重点考查词汇,其后跟v—ing表示“介意……”。
4. ---Mr. Wang,I have trouble _______the text.
一Remember ____it three times at least.[威海市]
A.to understand;reading B understanding;reading
C understanding;to read D.to understand;to read at night.
[答案]C [解析]have trouble doing something意为“做某事有困难”,所以答案在B与C中。remember to do something意为“记得(去)做某事”,remember doing something意为“记得做过某事”,由对话的语境可知,前者正确。
5. --How are you feeling here?
--It's quite hot. I don't know _______ to go or stay. [武汉]
A. how B. when C. whether D. where
[答案]C。[解析]考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“我不知道是走还是留下来。”故选C。
6. Many people think it's very important _______ us _______ learn English well. [贵阳]
A. for, to B. to, to C. with, for
[答案]A。[解析]考查“主语+feel/think/ make/ find +it +adj. +for sb. +to do sth.句中it为形式宾语,to do是真正的宾语,”故此题答案为A。
7. The menu has so many good things! I can’t decide__________.[河北]
A. what to eat B. how to eat C. where to eat D. when to eat
[答案]A 。[解析] 考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“我不能决定吃什么。”故选A。
8.---My dad bought me a new MP4, but I don’t know ______________.
---Let’s read the instructions.[河南课改试验区]
A. what to use B. which one to use C. how to use it D. when to use it
[答案]C。[解析] 考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“我不知道如何使用。”故选C。
9.It took my daughter two weeks ________the novels _______by Yand Hongying.[潍坊]
A. read; written B. to read; written C. reading; to write D. to read; wrote
[答案]B。[解析] It takes +sb.+some time +to do sth.表示花费多长时间做某事,novel与write的关系是动宾关系,应用过去分词,表示被动。故答案为B。
10. Drivers are warned ________when they are tired.[佛山]
A. to drive B. not drive C. not to drive
[答案]C。[解析]考查动词不定式的否定结构。否定形式是在to前面加not。故选C。
11. If you want to know _______the mobile phone, you’d better read the instructions first.[大连]
A. how to use B. how to make C. where to mend D. where to buy
[答案]A。[解析] 考查“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法。根据句意“如果你想要知道如何使用手机的话,你最好先看一看说明书。”故选A。
12. China will spend about 52 billion yuan ____new airports and __old ones in the west of China in the 11th Five-Year Plan period(时期).[临沂市]
A.repairing; building B to build;repair C.building;repairing D.to repair;build
[答案]C。[解析]本题主要是考查动词spend的用法。spend...doing something意为“花费……做某事”,由此可排除B、D两项。再从句意上看,应是“修建”新机场,“维修”旧机场。
13. students should pay attention to ___________the teacher in class.[泰州市]
A.hear B1istento C listening to D hearing of
[答案]C。[解析]本题考查了介词后跟动词的情况。 pay attention to意为“注意”,其中to是介词,所以后面的动词应使用动名词形式。hear of意为“听说”,与句意不符。